A main component of low voltage battery systems is a Low Voltage Battery Management System (BMS). It supervises and controls critical parameters of low voltage batteries such as cell voltage, current, and temperature. The BMS protects the battery from overcharging, over - discharging, or short- circuits, ensuring safety and longevity of the battery. It balances the charge among cells to prevent uneven degradation to optimize performance. A dependable BMS is crucial for efficient and safe battery operation, especially for residential energy storage or small scale electronics